![]() Material & Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to July 2015 in Vlore city. ![]() The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of fear and anxiety related to outcome and Pap test uptake. Objective Different factors have been shown to affect women’s participation in cervical cancer screening (2.3.4). Cervical cancer, in Albania ranks as the 3rd most frequent cancer among women between 15 and 44 years of age (1). neurological disease and cancers) are a consequence of increased life expectancy and a major explanatory factor for increasing rates of endogenous disease.īackground Cervical cancer is a largely preventable disease, but worldwide it is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women. Increased rates of endogenous disease (e.g. Mortality is increasingly transposed from accidental to biological, from exogenous to endogenous and from tractable to intractable causes. There has been a tenfold increase in the prevalence of Down’s syndrome and a fifty percent increase in the prevalence of multiple sclerosis consequent upon reduced mortality from these conditions and from respiratory and urinary tract infections associated with them. For instance, the life expectancy of infants with Down’s syndrome has increased by forty years since 1960, that of people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis by eleven years and that of the entire population by only four years. Post-diagnostic survival in both non-fatal and fatal neurological disorders and cancers has significantly improved. Congenital disorders and chromosomal abnormalities limit life expectancy far less than in previous decades. ![]() These factors operate at both ends of the lifecycle. Conversely, low death rates diminish the selective disadvantage of individuals inherently susceptible to disease, preserving genetic and phenotypic variations and their associated ill health. High rates of mortality selectively diminish genetic and phenotypic diversity in the population, increasingly so with advancing age. Death is distinctly biased against weaker individuals. We have traded longer individual life for worsening population health through mechanisms that extend life expectancy of individuals with chronic illness by a greater proportion than healthy individuals. This paper presents a range of morbidity data, mortality rates and economic indicators to argue that whilst this may be true for individuals, population morbidity indices are deteriorating. ![]() It is widely accepted that medical and social progress has resulted in longer life and greater health, compressing morbidity into a shorter proportion of an increasing life span. Conclusion: The comparison results highlighted that peer demonstration (Group-C) and poem & gesture (Group-A) may be the most effective edutainment interventions for the Myanmar preschoolers to acquire proper hand washing knowledge and practices. Results: The total knowledge and practices scores of the preschoolers on PHW were significantly (p 0.05) between Group-A and Group-C with 0.7%. The knowledge of PHW was assessed using pre-structured questionnaires in face to face interview with the preschoolers and their practice was assessed by the checklist before and one month after the intervention. Five peers were selected from Group-C and trained them for peer demonstration for PHW in their group. Participatory style teaching–learning using poem & gesture in Group-A and 10 minutes video show in Group-B were intervened. Sixty preschoolers aged within 3-5 years and similar socio-demographic status was selected to form 3 groups (A, B and C) with 20 in each. Methods: A Quasi-experimental study was conducted at No-1, pre-primary school in Mandalay, Myanmar in 2006 to compare the effectiveness of three different edutainment interventions (poem & gesture, video show and peer demonstration) in which knowledge (why to wash, when to wash) and practices (how to wash) for PHW were included based on WHO guide lines. In the study, effectiveness of different edutainment interventions to acquire proper hand washing (PHW) knowledge and practices among Myanmar preschoolers was compared to assist in setting further health education plan for PHW which is the single most effective way to prevent the spread of infections transmitted by contaminated hands. Authors: Swe, Swe Latt and Tin, Myo Han and Nwe, Nwe Oo and Than, Than Myint and Htun, Lynn Aung and Hlaing, Hlaing Hlaing Abstract: Background: Edutainment using songs, poem with gesture, finger puppet shows, video shows, games and demonstration method with audiovisual aids are mostly applied in health education activities for preschoolers.
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